NGOCSTIP – Shutdowns at Myanmar border have emerged as a key strategy by the Thai government to combat criminal activities involving human trafficking and cyber fraud operations. In an effort to shut down “scam centers” where human trafficking victims are coerced into working in large-scale cybercrime operations, Thailand has announced plans to cut the power supply to certain border areas near Myanmar. This measure comes after growing concerns about organized criminal gangs running these illicit operations along the Thai-Myanmar border.
This power shutdown initiative comes just a month after the high-profile kidnapping and rescue of Chinese actor Wang Xing. Wang Xing’s kidnappers abducted him in Thailand and transported him across the border into Myanmar, where they forced him to work in a cyber fraud center targeting Chinese citizens. This case highlights how criminal gangs exploit vulnerable individuals by luring them to Thailand with promises of work, only to smuggle them into Myanmar, where they become trapped in illegal operations. In January 2025, authorities rescued Chinese model Yang Zeqi and several other victims from similar trafficking rings in Myanmar’s lawless borderlands.
These criminal syndicates operate in a highly organized manner, running industrial-scale operations that exploit human labor for cybercrime, including call center scams targeting people in China. In response to these activities, the Thai government has announced power cuts, including the shutdowns at the Myanmar border, in an effort to disrupt these operations and hinder their ability to run such large-scale fraud schemes. However, experts have raised concerns about the long-term effectiveness of this measure.
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While stakeholders have welcomed the announcement of the power shutdown, experts argue that it may not be enough to dismantle the criminal networks operating in these regions. Jacob Sims, a transnational crime expert with over a decade of experience in Southeast Asia, expressed skepticism, calling the efforts “too little, too late.” According to Sims, criminal groups that generate millions of dollars a day will simply adapt to the measures against them. For example, if power lines get cut, these gangs will likely use generators. If authorities shut down cell towers, they may rely on satellite internet services like Starlink to continue their operations.
Sims stresses that real progress requires cutting off the movement of people and infrastructure across the border into Myanmar. The government must also reconsider its relationship with Myanmar’s Border Guard Force in Myawaddy, which has been linked to criminal activity. The scale of the problem requires more than just isolated measures, and experts are calling for a comprehensive, multi-faceted response to curb the activities of these syndicates.
Benedikt Hofmann, deputy regional representative for Southeast Asia and the Pacific at the UN Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), agrees with Sims’ assessment that Thailand’s current measures, including the shutdowns at the Myanmar border, are insufficient. Hofmann argues that even if police are successful in shutting down some of the scam centers, the criminal groups will simply relocate their operations elsewhere, either within Thailand or across the border into Myanmar. The high level of resources and adaptability possessed by these groups makes them difficult to dismantle.
Hofmann further emphasizes the need for a broader, whole-of-government response, including stronger regulations on cryptocurrency and online marketplaces. These platforms often facilitate money laundering from illicit activities. He warns that without these measures, criminal syndicates will keep finding new ways to operate and evade law enforcement.
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The recent rise in high-profile cases of human trafficking and cyber fraud has also raised concerns about the safety of Chinese tourists traveling to Thailand. Chinese nationals have historically been the largest group of foreign visitors to Thailand, and recent reports suggest that the rising fears about security have impacted tourism. Authorities canceled a concert by Hong Kong pop star Eason Chan, scheduled for February in Bangkok, due to safety concerns for Chinese citizens.
As a result of the increased reports of criminal activity, about 10,000 Chinese tourists have reportedly canceled their flights to Thailand during the January 24 to February 2 period. Thai aviation officials and Airports of Thailand (AOT) confirmed that these cancellations are related to concerns over security.
In response to these concerns, the Thai government has published an AI-generated video featuring Prime Minister Paetongtarn Shinawatra, who speaks in Mandarin (a language she does not speak) to reassure Chinese tourists that Thailand remains a safe destination. The government also announced that the National Security Council is actively addressing the issue, including the power cuts, to combat the criminal syndicates operating near the Thai-Myanmar border.
Despite these efforts, many experts agree that Thailand must take a more comprehensive approach to addressing this widespread criminal issue.
